>>206
>>215をPowerShellに移植

$in =
  "a1=a2", "b1=b2", "b3=b2", "c1=c2", "e1=e2", "a3=a4", "c3=c4", "e1=e3",
  "a2=a4", "c3=c1", "b3=a4", "c2=d1", "a4=a5", "d2=c1", "b4=b3", "d3=c3"

$in -split "=" |% {$h = @{}; $n = 0} {if (!$h[$_]) {$h[$_] = $n++}}
$eq = $in |% {, $h[$_ -split "="]}

$g = 1..$n
do {
  $changed = $false
  $eq |% {
    $i, $j = $_
    switch ($g[$i] - $g[$j]) {
      {$_ -gt 0} {$g[$i] = $g[$j]; $changed = $true}
      {$_ -lt 0} {$g[$j] = $g[$i]; $changed = $true}
    }
  }
} while ($changed)

$h.keys | sort {$h[$_]} | group {$g[$h[$_]]} |% {"[$($_.group -join ", ")]"}

-- 実行結果 --
[a1, a2, b1, b2, b3, a3, a4, a5, b4]
[c1, c2, c3, c4, d1, d2, d3]
[e1, e2, e3]